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Important Information

Climate Science for Australia's Future

Important Information - Caveats

The following points must be considered when using Canute - the sea level calculator.

Inundation Modelling

  • The storm-tide and cyclone modelling data used in this analysis was provided by numerical modelling performed by the University of Western Australia. The simulations were adjusted to provide consistency with observations from 29 tide-gauges provided by the Australian National Tidal Centre. The modelled results and observations have been validated to yield data which is of the best quality that is practically achievable at this time, although some unresolved errors may remain. Note, this data currently does not include the impact of tropical cyclones.
  • The IPCC projections of sea-level rise used in these calculations involve considerable uncertainty, arising from imperfect understanding both of the science and of the world's future emissions.
  • These results relate to the increase in the probability and frequency of extreme events caused by a rise in mean sea level; they do not make any projections based on changes about the mean.
  • The methods used to derive the future estimates of likelihood have been formally peer-reviewed by the science community and published in the journal, Climatic Change (Hunter, J., 2010, Estimating Sea-Level Extremes Under Conditions of Uncertain Sea-Level Rise, Climatic Change, 99:331-350,DOI:10.1007/ s10584-009-9671-6 and Hunter, J., 2011. A simple technique for estimating an allowance
    for uncertain sea-level rise, Climatic Change, DOI 10.1007/s10584-011-0332-1. For copies, see Publications.

Wave Setup and Wave Runup Calculator

  • The inundation modelling results available from this site do not include effects of wave runup. They also only include the effect of wave setup to the extent by which it affected the tide-gauge observations that were used to adjust the results of the storm-tide modelling.
  • Wave setup and wave runup should always be considered for coastal planning and coastal hazard assessment.
  • A user defined wave setup and wave runup calculator is available as a separate feature of this website here. It should be used in conjunction with the assumptions and limitations outlined in the references:
  1. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 2003: Coastal engineering manual. Publication Number EM 1110-2-1100, 215 pp.
  2. EMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency), 2003. Guidelines and Specifications for Flood Hazard Mapping Partners, Appendix D: Guidance for Coastal Flooding Analyses and Mapping. Washington, DC: Federal Emergency Management Agency, 177p.

The Shoreline Recession Calculators

  • The two shoreline recession calculators (version 1 and version 2) are both first order estimates of shoreline recession due to sea-level rise only.
  • Neither calculator replaces the need for a site specific survey.  Detailed site-specific studies by qualified practitioners using the most recently available data should always be undertaken for local-scale planning and coastal hazard assessment.
  • The shoreline recession calculator version 1 should always be interpreted and utilised in conjunction with the assumptions and limitations outlined here and in the associated references:
  1. Roger N. Dubois (1992) A Re-Evaluation of Bruun's Rule and Supporting Evidence. Journal of Coastal Research , Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 618-628.
  2. Robin G. D. Davidson-Arnott (2005) Conceptual Model of the Effects of Sea Level Rise on Sandy Coasts. Journal of Coastal Research, Vol. 21, No. 6, pp. 1166-1172.

The shoreline recession calculator version 2 (beta) should always be interpreted and utilised in conjunction with the assumptions and limitations outlined in the ‘Technical Report: Generic Design Coastal Erosion Volumes and Setbacks for Australia’ available here